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发育性语言障碍与阅读障碍风险 - - 它们可以分开吗?
Aliki Chalikia1, Asimina M Ralli2, Faye Antoniou1
1Department of Educational Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece.
患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 和患有阅读障碍 (RfD) 风险的儿童在语言和识字技能方面表现出明显的挑战,与典型的发育同龄人相比. DLD影响口语,而RfD影响解码和语音意识.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 和阅读障碍经常同时发生,影响语音处理和口头工作记忆.
- 现有的研究往往缺乏对早期识字阶段所有口语子系统的系统评估.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查在声学处理,口头工作记忆,口头语言和词语解码的差异和相似之处,在DLD的儿童,在风险的阅读障碍 (RfD),和典型的发展 (TD) 的儿童.
- 为了确定这些群体的表现模式,并探索声学/VWM技能和口语/词语解码之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及45名一年级学生 (平均年龄6.8岁) 的比较研究,均分为DLD,RfD和TD组.
- 评估语音处理 (隐式/明确的语音意识,VSTM,RAN),VWM,口语和词解码.
主要成果:
- 在大多数措施中,DLD和RfD组的表现都明显低于TD组.
- DLD儿童表现出明显的口语和VSTM缺陷.
- RfD儿童主要在文字解码和明确的语音意识方面扎,观察到特定群体的相关性.
结论:
- 调查结果突出了DLD和RfD的不同但重叠的困难,为它们之间的关系的理论模型提供了信息.
- 对于患有DLD和阅读障碍的儿童来说,早期识别和针对口语和语音处理方面的特定缺陷的有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
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