基因组编码的米托病毒RdRp对于胚胎发育和维护Arabidopsis中的线粒体动力学是必需的
Yadi Gong1, Rongqin Chen1, Chen Yang1
1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
International journal of molecular sciences
|September 27, 2025
概括
核编码的病毒基因mRdRp对于植物线粒体健康和胚胎发育至关重要. 这种基因的丧失会损害应激反应,并破坏RNA沉默,揭示了它在植物生理学中的重要作用.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 核基因组通常含有来自米托病毒的序列,编码RNA依赖RNA聚合酶 (RdRp).
- 这些核编码的病毒RdRp蛋白在植物中的功能仍然在很大程度上未被描述.
- 已知线粒体病毒会感染植物线粒体,但病毒基因融入宿主核基因组具有显著的兴趣.
研究的目的:
- 研究核编码的mRdRp (AT2G07749) 在植物发育和线粒体平衡中的功能.
- 探索植物中核编码病毒基因的起源和进化意义.
- 了解mRdRp对植物应激反应和RNA沉默通路的影响.
主要方法:
- 遗传学分析以确定核mRdRp和病毒RdRp之间的进化关系.
- CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑和RNA干扰 (RNAi) 产生mRdRp淘汰和淘汰突变.
- 在正常和压力条件下对突变的表型分析 (ABA,轮),以及线粒体形态和丰度的评估.
主要成果:
- mRdRp淘汰/淘汰突变体表现出严重的发育缺陷,包括矮体,胚胎致死性和不育性.
- 突变者对酸 (ABA) 和轮酸的敏感性增加,表明应激适应能力受损.
- mRdRp的丧失导致了线粒体网络的碎片化,线粒体丰富性的减少,以及线粒体小RNAs (sRNAs) 的异常积累.
结论:
- 在植物中,核编码的mRdRp在维护线粒体平衡和胚胎生存能力方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 横向转移的病毒基因,如mRdRp,可以功能地集成到宿主基因组中,影响植物发育和应激反应.
- mRdRp的功能对于正常的植物生理学至关重要,可能通过调节线粒体完整性和内源RNA沉默通路.
相关概念视频
02:59Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
9.0K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
9.0K
01:19Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria
12.3K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
12.3K
01:39Mitochondrial Protein Sorting
5.6K
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death. Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
5.6K
01:37Mitochondria
19.6K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
19.6K