六个欧洲国家的后COVID-19时代的抗生素处方模式:一项跨部门研究
Karel Kostev1,2, Swati Upadhyaya3, Oliver Utsch4
1Philips University, University Hospital, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2025
概括
欧洲的抗生素处方在COVID-19后显著增加,特别是在儿童中. 虽然趋势正在稳定,但继续关注初级保健中的抗生素管理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 药物监督 药物监督 药物监督
背景情况:
- 由于制措施,COVID-19大流行导致非COVID感染和抗生素使用减少.
- 流行后,欧洲观察到非COVID感染的反弹,增加了临床负担.
- 这项研究调查了几个欧洲国家的后流行病时代的抗生素处方趋势.
研究的目的:
- 分析来自德国,法国,意大利,比利时,英国和波兰的门诊抗生素处方数据.
- 评估COVID-19制措施放宽后抗生素使用的趋势和差异.
- 为了比较2022年 (流行后) 和2021年 (流行年) 以及随后的年 (2023-2024) 的处方数据.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自六个欧洲国家的纵向处方 (LRx) 数据库.
- 进行了一项横截面研究,分析处方数据.
- 按年龄组和性别分层分析,报告经常处方的抗生素.
主要成果:
- 在2022年,所有研究国家的抗生素处方量显著增加,增长率从+12.0% (法国) 到+39.3% (比利时).
- 儿童抗生素使用在2022年升,特别是在英国 (在10岁以下的儿童中增加75%),然后稳定或下降;成人使用显示较小的变化.
- 处方药的增长在2023年放缓,并在2024年稳定/下降,尽管德国和英国等一些国家在2023年继续看到儿科增加. 氨基是最常见的抗生素,与国家特定的变化.
结论:
- 欧洲的门诊抗生素处方在COVID-19后显著增加,儿科使用显著增加.
- 虽然总体趋势正在稳定,但一些国家继续报告增加.
- 强化了在门诊和初级保健机构加强抗生素管理计划的需要.
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