由长期耐力训练诱导的依赖阶段的大脑可塑性:一个纵向的神经成像研究
Keying Zhang1, Qing Yan2, Ling Jiang1
1Department of Physical Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2025
概括
耐力跑影响大脑的可塑性不同,根据训练水平. 适度的跑步显示了大脑的广泛变化,而高水平的跑步影响了特定的区域,这表明训练阶段会影响神经适应.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 大脑的可塑性 大脑的可塑性
背景情况:
- 众所周知,长期的体育训练会诱导大脑的可塑性.
- 不同培训阶段的特定神经适应尚未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究耐力跑步对大脑结构和休息状态功能的阶段性影响.
- 为了比较两年来高水平跑步者,中等水平跑步者和久坐控制者的神经适应.
主要方法:
- 这是一项为期两年的纵向研究,对30名健康的大学生进行了研究.
- 在基线和随访时的MRI扫描 (T1加权结构成像,静止状态fMRI).
- 参与者分为高水平跑步者,中等水平跑步者和久坐式对照.
主要成果:
- 高级跑步者:左背侧前额皮层 (DLPFC) 中的中心度 (DC) 增加.
- 中等水平的跑步者:前额叶皮层,胰岛,膜,角-角-尾结节的灰质体积 (GMV) 增加;小脑的GMV减少. 此外,不同地区的低频波动 (fALFF) 的变化直流和分数振幅.
- 静坐控制:没有显著的变化.
结论:
- 长期耐力训练在不同训练阶段会诱导不同的大脑可塑性模式.
- 在训练的早期阶段,大脑发生的变化更为突出,更为广泛.
- 观察到的大脑变化涉及执行控制,感觉运动集成和运动协调至关重要的区域.
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