微生物群肠脑轴和自闭症谱系障碍:机制和治疗前景
Andreas Petropoulos1, Elisavet Stavropoulou1, Christina Tsigalou1
1Master Program in "Food, Nutrition and Microbiome", Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Nutrients
|September 27, 2025
概括
微生物群-肠-大脑轴在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中发挥着关键作用,通过将肠道微生物与大脑功能联系起来. 针对肠道健康的干预措施有望改善自闭症症状.
科学领域:
- 神经科学和微生物学
- 在神经发育障碍中研究肠道微生物组与中枢神经系统之间的复杂相互作用.
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 经常与胃肠道 (GI) 问题和改变的肠道微生物群有关.
- 微生物群-肠-大脑 (MGB) 轴是一个双向通信通道,越来越多地被认为是它在ASD病理生理学中的作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查MGB轴在ASD中的作用,重点关注沟通通路,神经发育效应和肠道变化.
- 探索针对ASD管理的MGB轴的新兴治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 使用了叙述性审查方法,合成了人类,动物和体外研究的发现.
- 在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,Google Scholar) 进行相关研究的搜索.
- 关键主题包括MGB轴机制,ASD中的肠道微生物组成,失能症,漏肠,免疫激活,肠道疾病和治疗干预措施.
主要成果:
- 自闭症与肠道失调有关,其特点是微生物多样性减少和致病细菌增加,与肠道透性增加有关 ("漏肠").
- MGB轴的功能障碍与胃肠道疾病和ASD的行为严重程度相关.
- 治疗干预措施如益生菌,益生菌,便微生物种移植 (FMT) 和饮食变化显示出调节微生物组和改善肠道和行为症状的潜力.
结论:
- MGB轴与ASD的发病有关,肠道失调可能会加剧神经发育和行为症状.
- 准肠道生态系统为ASD提供了有希望的辅助治疗途径.
- 需要进一步的大规模研究来确认因果关系,并评估MGB轴干预的长期疗效和安全性.
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