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巴西的肝炎E病毒感染:对流行病学特征的全面审查
Carolline Araujo Mariz1, Lílian Rose Maia Gomes de Araújo2, Edmundo Pessoa Lopes2,3
1Department of Parasitology, Institute Aggeu Magalhães, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2025
概括
乙型肝炎病毒 (HEV) 感染在巴西很普遍,特别是在南部和东南部. 该研究发现,HEV基因型3是普遍存在的,传播可能与猪有关.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 动物传染病是动物传染病.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HEV) 在非洲和亚洲部分地区是特有的,巴西的卫生条件各异,怀疑HEV是一种动物性疾病.
- 巴西的区域HEV流行率显示出显著的差异,需要对其流行病学和基因型进行系统评估.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,系统评估巴西的肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 的流行率和流通基因型.
- 调查巴西各地人类和猪群中HEV的流行病学特征和传播方式.
主要方法:
- 根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所 (JBI) 的方法和PRISMA-ScR检查清单进行了范围审查.
- 搜索包括2025年6月至7月的灰色文献和数据库 (MEDLINE, LILACS),使用人口,概念和上下文策略绘制巴西的HEV证据.
主要成果:
- 在57项研究中,有45项针对人类,12项针对猪;HEV IgG患病率从0.5% (北) 到59.4% (南),IgM从0.1% (东北) 到16.3% (北).
- 在所有地区的猪群中检测到了HEV. 在所有分析区域中,基因型鉴定只确认了HEV基因型3的存在.
- 人类HEV感染在全国范围内存在,在巴西南部和东南部的流行率更高.
结论:
- 乙型肝炎病毒感染在巴西各地是流行病,流行率存在显著的区域差异.
- 鉴定到的唯一流通的基因型是HEV-3,表明可能与养猪和消费相关的显著动物感染成分.
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