相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Genetic Mapping of Thermotolerance Differences Between Species of Saccharomyces Yeast via Genome-Wide Reciprocal Hemizygosity Analysis

Published on: August 12, 2019

高分辨率的基因组组装揭示了麦中逆转移素介导的中间体分子动力学

Congyang Yi^1,2, Qian Liu^1,2, Congle Zhu^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.

|September 27, 2025

概括

麦中间体是由反转移子组织的,而不是卫星DNA,揭示了它们在基因组进化和稳定中的作用. 这一发现挑战了现有的模型,并为作物育种提供了新的可能性.

科学领域:

植物基因组学植物基因组学
表观遗传学在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
分子进化是分子进化的过程.

背景情况:

麦 (Secale cereale) 基因组具有很大的重复区域,包括亚端粒异色素和富含逆转移素的中位素.
这些中间体结构与在大多数植物基因组组合中发现的基于卫星重复的中间体形成鲜明对比.
了解这些复杂的区域对于麦基因组架构和进化至关重要.

研究的目的:

解码麦独特的重复区域的架构和演变.
调查麦中的中粒体动力学和染色质调节.
提供高分辨率的基因组组装,专注于难以捉摸的基因组区域.

主要方法:

利用PacBio HiFi和纳米孔测序进行染色体规模组装.
产生了一个高分辨率的组件,可以分辨亚端粒异色素和完整的中间体.
在栽培和野生麦中进行了跨物种CENH3 ChIP-seq分析.

主要成果:

确定了终端串联重复阵列,影响染色质环境和逆转移子沉积.
具有独特表观遗传特征的麦中间体的特征,包括DNA低甲基化.
发现的Cereba逆转移子是CENH3加载的关键,这表明中心分子进化反循环.

结论:

逆转移子可以自主地组织中的中粒色素和身份,挑战卫星DNA范式.
逆转移体在维持CENH3的招聘和促进基因组创新方面发挥着双重作用.
这项研究推进了Triticeae作物中的功能基因组学,并为中心分子工程开辟了道路.

关键词:

在CENH3中,中心的中心 (Centromere)在反向转换中.谷基因组是什么样的亚端粒异质染色素的亚端粒异质染色素.

更多相关视频

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

Published on: October 11, 2022

Determination of the Optimal Chromosomal Locations for a DNA Element in Escherichia coli Using a Novel Transposon-mediated Approach

Determination of the Optimal Chromosomal Locations for a DNA Element in Escherichia coli Using a Novel Transposon-mediated Approach

Published on: September 11, 2017

相关概念视频

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...

Centrosome Duplication

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...

Chromosome Replication

Chromosome Replication

Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins. This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin...