不同类型白血病的预测模型:系统审查和批判性评估
Ayizhati Tuerxun1,2, Yingzi Yang1,2, Xinqi Cai1,2
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
|September 27, 2025
概括
白血病预测模型显示了显著的方法缺陷和偏差的高风险,限制了它们的临床使用. 未来的研究需要改进报告和验证,以提高适用性.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 预测模型对于白血病的临床决策至关重要.
- 评估这些模型的质量对于可靠的患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估现有的白血病预测模型的方法质量和偏差风险 (ROB).
- 确定阻碍这些模型临床实用性的局限性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,Cochrane图书馆和Web of Science数据库的全面搜索中,发现了148种白血病预测模型.
- 数据提取遵循CHARMS标准,并使用PROBAST评估ROB.
- 模型按白血病亚型 (AML,CML,CLL) 分类,并分析方法特征.
主要成果:
- 大多数模型都专注于对AML,CML和CLL亚型的生存预测.
- 普遍存在重大方法缺陷,包括不完整的报告和缺乏内部/外部验证.
- 观察到高偏差风险 (93.9%),通常是由于数据处理和验证不足.
- 传统的统计方法占主导地位,机器学习的使用有限.
结论:
- 目前的白血病预测模型由于方法上的弱点和偏差高风险,具有有限的临床实用性.
- 提高临床适用性要求在未来的研究中优先考虑透明的报告,严格的内部和外部验证.
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