通过真空蒸对葡萄酒进行脱酒:挥发性和非挥发性特征,以及感官分析
Yogesh Kumar1, Lorenzo Italiano2, Matthias Schmitt2
1Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, FC, Italy; Department of Enology, Hochschule Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Str. 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany.
Food chemistry
|September 27, 2025
概括
真空蒸有效地从葡萄酒中去除乙醇,影响其物理化学,颜色和挥发性. 酒精含量较低的葡萄酒保持质量,为优化低酒精葡萄酒生产提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 葡萄酒学 葡萄酒学 葡萄酒学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 感官科学 感官科学
背景情况:
- 乙醇含量显著影响葡萄酒的感官和物理化学特性.
- 越来越多的消费者对低酒精和无酒精饮料的需求需要有效的酒精处理方法.
研究的目的:
- 研究真空蒸 (VD) 对白葡萄酒,葡萄酒和红葡萄酒的物理化学,色彩,挥发性和感觉特征的影响.
- 评估通过VD生产的部分脱酒酒 (PDW) 和完全脱酒酒 (DW) 的质量和可接受性.
主要方法:
- 使用真空蒸生产PDW和DW,用于三种葡萄酒 (白葡萄酒,葡萄酒和红葡萄酒) 的生产.
- 物理化学性质的分析 (密度,提取物,糖,酸度,pH).
- 色度分析 (CIELab),挥发性化合物分析和感官评估.
主要成果:
- 乙醇减少增加了密度,提取物,甘油和酸度,同时降低了pH值.
- 观察到显著的颜色变化 (ΔE ≥3),特别是在红色的DW (ΔE = 24.33).
- 总芳香化合物的大量损失 (72-94%) 和改变的感觉特征 (降低果味,增加酸度).
- 白色和红色PDW/DW保持了整体的可接受性,而色的可接受性下降.
结论:
- 真空蒸是一种有效的方法,可以在规定的酒精限制内生产脱酒的葡萄酒.
- 通过VD处理酒精显著改变了葡萄酒的化学成分,颜色和感官属性.
- 虽然白葡萄酒和红葡萄酒表现有前途,但色葡萄酒脱酒需要进一步优化,以保持消费者接受度.
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