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开发基因组预测的热耐受性在美国霍尔斯坦牛的发展

N Vukasinovic¹, M A Sánchez-Castro¹, D Gonzalez-Peña¹

¹Zoetis Genetics and Precision Animal Health, Kalamazoo, MI 49007.

Journal of dairy science

|September 27, 2025

概括

美国霍尔斯坦牛的耐热性基因评估是使用牛奶产量和受孕数据进行的. 基因组预测可以提高耐热性,而不会影响牛奶产量或生育能力.

科学领域:

动物遗传学动物遗传学
乳制品科学乳制品科学
环境生理学环境生理学

背景情况:

热应激 (HS) 显著影响奶牛的福利和生产力.
美国乳制品生产商目前无法获得耐热性的遗传评估.
来自Zoetis的大型数据集为热耐受性的基因组评估提供了机会.

研究的目的:

开发对美国霍尔斯坦牛的耐热性进行基因组预测.
使用生产商记录的牛奶产量和受孕数据以及天气信息.
纳入热耐受性的遗传和基因组评估方法.

主要方法:

采用双变反应规范线性模型,以在温度湿度指数 (THI) ≥70.0的情况下评估HS效应.
使用单步基因组最佳线性无偏预测 (ssGBLUP) 方法,对超过200万种基因型动物进行了测试.
综合生产者数据 (牛奶产量,怀孕) 与NOAA天气数据 (THI) 跨越370个群体.

主要成果:

对于HS遗传组件的遗传性估计与THI有所不同,为0.17-0.47的牛奶产量和0.08-0.55的第一次服务 (CFS) 怀孕.
为耐热性开发了两个估计的繁殖值 (EBV):Milk_THI和CFS_THI.
观察到EBV的范围,表明有可能在不影响牛奶产量或生育能力的情况下改善耐热性.

结论:

热耐受性的基因组预测在美国的霍尔斯坦牛中是可行的.
开发的EBV (Milk_THI,CFS_THI) 为乳制品生产商提供了提高耐热性选择的工具.
对耐热性的遗传选择可以在没有对关键生产和繁殖特征的不利影响的情况下实现.

关键词:

荷尔斯坦牛群是荷尔斯坦的牛群.热应激是一种热应激.反应规范反应的反应规范.ssGBLUPUP 是一个

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