在精英运动员中,奇特的训练周期后,Vastus lateralis肌肉力量和结构没有改变
Adèle Mornas1, Franck Brocherie2, Johan Garcia3
1Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada; École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
奇特的训练没有改变三周的精英短跑者巨大的横向肌肉结构或下肢表现. 这表明,古怪的运动可能不足以在训练有素的运动员中引起这些参数的显著变化.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 肌肉特性是力量和发电的关键,可以通过异常训练来改进.
- 横向的大脑 (VL) 对于冲刺至关重要,但其对精英冲刺者的奇特训练的建筑反应尚不清楚.
- 了解这些适应对于优化短跑者的训练计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究一个为期3周的异常训练周期对巨大的横向肌肉结构的影响.
- 评估这项训练对精英短跑运动员下肢力量表现的影响.
- 为了确定异常训练是否会在这个人群中诱导肌肉结构和功能的可测量变化.
主要方法:
- 七名精英短跑运动员在他们的常规短跑课程旁边接受了为期3周的奇特训练干预.
- 用超声波测量广侧侧肌的肌肉结构 (肌长度,角,肌肉厚度).
- 下肢的表现通过半坐测试,使用异动力学装置来测量功率,力和爆炸性来评估.
主要成果:
- 在培训后的广侧面肌肉结构 (带长度,笔纹角,肌肉厚度) 中没有发现显著的变化 (p ≥0.41).
- Squat 性能指标,包括功率,力和爆炸性,保持不变 (p ≥ 0.09).
- 异常训练周期在肌肉结构或性能上没有引起显著的修改.
结论:
- 在精英短跑者中,为期3周的奇特训练周期并没有改变巨大的横向肌肉结构.
- 下肢力量和动力表现不受偏心训练干预的影响.
- 这些发现表明,单独的奇特训练可能不足以推动精英短跑运动员在竞争赛季期间在肌肉结构或表现上显著的适应.
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