抗病毒防御中的β-葡萄糖:机制,免疫调节和治疗前景
Ali M Atoom1, Waleed K Abdulsahib2, S Renuka Jyothi3
1Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan.
Folia microbiologica
|September 28, 2025
概括
贝塔葡萄糖,天然的免疫增强化合物,通过增强宿主防御来对抗病毒,显示出有前途. 它们激活免疫细胞产生抗病毒细胞因子,并提供长期保护,防止感染.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- β-葡萄糖是一种在真菌,酵母,细菌,藻类和谷物中发现的多糖.
- 它们的多样性结构 (β-1,3,β-1,6,β-1,4链接) 影响溶解度,生物可用性和生物活性.
- β-葡萄糖作为免疫调节剂,增强宿主对病毒感染的防御能力.
研究的目的:
- 审查β-葡萄糖对抗病毒感染的机制.
- 探索β-葡萄糖作为抗病毒防御的辅助剂的治疗潜力.
- 为突出支持β-葡萄糖在各种病毒感染中有效性的证据.
主要方法:
- 关于β-葡萄糖和病毒感染的临床前和临床研究的文献综述.
- 对β-葡萄糖与宿主免疫受体 (dectin-1,TLRs,CR3) 的相互作用进行分析.
- 检查β-葡萄糖对免疫细胞 (巨细胞,中性粒细胞,NK细胞) 和细胞因子产生的影响.
主要成果:
- β-葡萄糖激活先天性和适应性免疫,刺激抗病毒细胞因子的产生和训练免疫力.
- 证据支持它们在打击SARS-CoV-2,HPV,HBV,流感和HIV方面的作用.
- 它们表现出直接的抗病毒作用,免疫调节,炎症控制和微生物群调节.
结论:
- 贝塔葡萄糖具有显著的治疗潜力,可以作为对抗病毒威胁的安全补充剂.
- 需要进一步的研究和大规模试验来解决结构异质性并确认有效性.
- β-葡萄糖可以提高疫苗的疗效,支持组织修复,并增强粘膜免疫力.
相关概念视频
01:29Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
982
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
982
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
1.8K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
1.8K
01:27Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
6.5K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
6.5K
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
493
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
493
01:19Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
525
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
Acarbose and miglitol are...
525
01:21Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids
437
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
437