基于机器学习的土地利用回归模型用于预测旧金山湾地区的二氧化碳度
Anna C Smith1, Linfeng Li1, Jiansheng Xiang1
1Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, United Kingdom.
概括
像XGBoost和CNN这样的机器学习模型准确地预测城市二氧化碳 (CO2) 排放量,优于传统方法. 这项研究通过了解二氧化碳动态来支持可持续城市规划和脱碳努力.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
背景情况:
- 城市是人类二氧化碳 (CO2) 排放的主要来源,推动了气候变化.
- 城市化和土地利用变化与城市内二氧化碳排放量的增加有关.
- 了解城市内二氧化碳的时空趋势对于可持续城市规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查土地利用回归 (LUR) 预测城市内二氧化碳度的有效性.
- 为了将LUR与用于CO2预测的机器学习 (ML) 算法进行比较.
- 用训练和看不见的传感器位置来评估模型性能.
主要方法:
- 利用了旧金山湾区BEACO2N监测网络的数据.
- 应用传统土地使用回归 (LUR) 模型.
- 采用机器学习算法,包括极端梯度增强 (XGBoost) 和卷积神经网络 (CNN).
- 使用保留的训练数据和来自未见传感器位置的数据评估预测准确性.
主要成果:
- 对于训练传感器,XGBoost和CNN实现了最高的精度 (R2=0.58),超过了传统的LUR (R2=0.34).
- 对于未见的传感器位置,XGBoost和CNN的表现也超过了LUR,解释了高达42%的二氧化碳度变化.
- 机器学习模型在捕捉城市二氧化碳数据中的非线性关系方面表现出卓越的能力.
结论:
- 像XGBoost和CNN这样的先进的ML模型是预测城市内二氧化碳度的有效工具.
- 这些模型为城市土地利用和碳动态提供了宝贵的见解.
- 这些发现支持制定明智的城市规划和脱碳战略.
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