民主国家中的政治暴力:一个介绍
Andrea Ruggeri1, Ursula Daxecker2, Neeraj Prasad2
1Department of Social and Political Sciences, Università degli studi di Milano, Italy.
概括
民主国家比专制国家体验的政治暴力较少,但学者们往往忽视了民主国家内部的暴力. 本期探讨选举,种族,犯罪和恐怖主义暴力,揭示民主国家并不像假设的那样和平.
科学领域:
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 人们普遍认为,民主国家比专制国家更不容易发生政治暴力.
- 这种看法导致人们低估了民主制度中发生的政治暴力.
- 现有的研究对不同民主国家政治暴力的变化和原因存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 通过研究民主内部的政治暴力,挑战民主国家本质上是和平的观念.
- 识别和解决民主国家的政治暴力研究中的理论和方法方面的缺陷.
- 引入一个特别号,调查民主背景下政治暴力的策略,行为者,影响和支持.
主要方法:
- 审查现有的关于民主国家跨越政治暴力的文献.
- 介绍 14 篇文章,使用尖端方法来研究政治暴力.
- 专注于在民主制度中对暴力的定量和定性分析.
主要成果:
- 民主国家之间存在政治暴力的显著差异,这与常见的假设相反.
- 知识上的差距包括理解暴力行为者的策略,支持暴力的决定因素和暴力的目的.
- 特别期刊的文章推进了有关问责制约束,暴力赞助,暴力影响和公众对暴力的支持的研究.
结论:
- 民主国家并不像人们普遍认为的那样和平,各种形式的政治暴力在它们内部发生.
- 需要进一步的研究,以解决研究民主内部政治暴力的理论和方法限制.
- 了解民主国家中政治暴力的细微差别对于全面了解民主稳定和治理至关重要.
相关概念视频
Impact of Groups on Groups
234
Social psychologists analyze how groups influence one another, shaping social structures and interactions through both cooperation and competition. These dynamics manifest in various ways, ranging from economic partnerships to intergroup conflicts that shape societal structures and perceptions.Cooperation and Competition in Intergroup RelationsIntergroup relationships vary across contexts, sometimes fostering cooperation and mutual benefit while at other times leading to conflict and...
234
Aggression
30.1K
Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
30.1K
Group Polarization
38.4K
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
38.4K
In- and Out-Groups
42.9K
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
42.9K
Group Design
10.2K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
10.2K
Bullying
8.8K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.8K


