对患有便秘的老年人进行非药物治疗:系统性审查和元分析
Lingyu Xu1, Yan Leng2, Peng Dai1
1College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Frontiers in medicine
|September 29, 2025
概括
针和按摩等非药物干预措施对老年人便秘是有效的,比传统治疗方法表现出更好的结果和更少的副作用. 长期应用产生更显著的好处,改善生活质量.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 综合医学是一个整体的医学.
背景情况:
- 便秘是老年人中普遍存在的问题,严重影响他们的生活质量.
- 传统治疗可能有局限性或不良影响,需要探索替代疗法.
研究的目的:
- 评估老年人便秘的非药物干预措施的疗效和安全性.
- 综合来自随机对照试验 (RCT) 关于针,腹部按摩,耳朵针,益生菌和食纤维等治疗方法的证据.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的审查和RCT的元分析发表到2025年3月.
- 在主要的数据库中进行了搜索,包括Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase和中国数据库.
- 质量评估使用了Cochrane风险偏差工具,数据使用RevMan5.4.1和Stata.4.1进行分析.
主要成果:
- 包括41个RCT,其中包括3005名老年患者 (≥60岁).
- 与对照组相比,非药物干预显示出明显更高的疗效 (RR=1.15) 和较少的不良事件 (RR=0.35).
- 针,腹部按摩和耳朵针治疗显示出卓越的治疗效果. 在生活质量,便一致性和肠道排便频率方面,特别是在超过4周的干预期间,有所改善.
结论:
- 非药物干预比老年人便秘的传统治疗更有效.
- 长期应用这些疗法可以增强它们的益处.
- 建议在未来进行高质量,大样本的RCT,以确认长期疗效和阐明机制,尽管目前的异质性.
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