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设计和合成先进的电极材料:从离子电池到离子电池

Hyojun Lim^1,2, Jaekyung Sung², Ji-Won Jung^3,4

¹Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)

|September 29, 2025

概括

先进的电极材料对于下一代离子电池 (LIB) 和离子电池 (SIB) 是至关重要的. 本综述强调了阴极和阳极的设计策略,以提高这些电池的能量密度,稳定性和速率能力.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
电化学电化学电化学
储能储能储能储能储能储能

背景情况:

对离子电池 (LIB) 和离子电池 (SIB) 的需求不断增加,需要先进的电极材料.
材料层面的研究对于提高电化学性能和结构耐用性至关重要.

研究的目的:

为 LIB 和 SIB 阴极和阳极材料提供设计和合成方法的全面概述.
为了强调能量密度,循环稳定性和速率能力的改进.
为了应对下一代电池开发的挑战.

主要方法:

对关键材料候选物的审查,包括分层过渡金属氧化物,旋结构和酸盐基化合物.
对阳极材料的分析,如合金/转换类型和碳酸阳极.
突出材料设计的有效策略和协同方法.

主要成果:

确定了多层氧化物,螺旋体和酸盐作为主要的阴极材料.
认可的合金/转换和碳酸盐阳极对于LIB和SIB都是有前途的.
已知挑战,如数量变化,不稳定的SEI和有限的利率能力.

结论:

克服容量,速率能力和长期稳定的挑战对于下一代电池至关重要.
建议结合电极材料设计的协同方法.
未来的研究应该集中在实现高能,高效和高度稳定的电池上.

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