COVID-19疫苗接种和先前感染的有效性,以减少长期COVID风险在前奥米克朗和奥米克朗时期
Sara Carazo1,2,3, Jonathan Phimmasone1, Danuta M Skowronski4
1Social and preventive medicine department, Faculty of medicine, Laval University, Quebec city, Quebec, Canada.
概括
接种COVID-19疫苗有效地预防了Omicron之前的长期COVID,并在Omicron期间将风险降低了一半以上. 对于那些已经接种了疫苗和感染的人来说,重复增强剂可能会对长期的COVID提供有限的额外益处.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 对抗COVID-19和长期COVID的疫苗有效性 (VE) 的评估至关重要.
- 根据COVID-19变种 (奥米克龙前与奥米克龙前) 和疫苗接种状态,VE的发生有所不同.
- 以前的感染史显著影响疫苗的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 估计针对COVID-19和长期COVID的疫苗有效性 (VE).
- 为了比较在Omicron前和Omicron期间的VE.
- 分析疫苗剂量和先前感染对VE的影响.
主要方法:
- 结合了来自北克医疗保健工作者的调查,免疫和实验室数据.
- 定义COVID-19为具有症状的实验室确定的感染;长期COVID是症状持续≥12周.
- 采用测试负的设计,比较接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的个体.
主要成果:
- 在奥米克朗前:双剂量VE对COVID-19的95%和对长期COVID的87%是有效的.
- 欧米克朗:助推型VE在抗击COVID-19时为41%,抗击长期COVID时为57%,减弱6个月.
- 混合免疫 (疫苗接种+感染) 提供了81-92%的长期COVID防护.
结论:
- 接种COVID-19疫苗显著预防了长期的COVID,特别是在Omicron之前.
- 在Omicron之后,接种疫苗将长期COVID风险降低了一半以上.
- 在接种疫苗和以前感染过的个体中,重复增强剂可能为长期COVID提供最小的额外益处.
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