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小面积肺癌发病率和死亡率:使用医院出院和死亡登记数据进行跨部门基于人口的研究

Yu He¹, Xinxin Xia², Qing Wang³

¹Department of Journal Management, Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, Beijing, China.

JMIR public health and surveillance

|September 29, 2025

概括

这项研究开发了一种新的方法,使用链接的行政数据,以便在中国及时进行本地化癌症监测. 该方法成功估计了肺癌发病率和死亡率,揭示了市内显著的差异.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
医疗信息学医疗信息学

背景情况:

像中国这样的低收入和中等收入国家的癌症登记处面临诸多挑战,包括大量数据延迟和缺乏小区域细节.
这些局限性阻碍了及时和本地化的癌症监测工作.

研究的目的:

开发和验证一种使用链接行政数据进行最新的局部癌症监测的方法.
将这种方法应用于中国山东省的肺癌,作为一个案例研究.

主要方法:

利用了2013-2022年的住院记录首页 (HRFP),并链接了山东省肺癌病例和死亡确诊的死亡登记数据.
在县级计算的年龄标准化发病率和死亡率 (ASIR和ASMR).
使用Theil指数评估区域差异,以区分市政内部和市政间的不平等.

主要成果:

在2022年,山东确定了79,672例肺癌病例和40,626例肺癌特定死亡.
报告的ASIR为42.46/100,000和ASMR为19.76/100,000,有显著的性别特异差异.
发现,与市政区间的差异相比,市政区内的差异对肺癌发病率和死亡率的总体不平等有更大的贡献.

结论:

链接的行政数据为最新的小区域癌症负担估计提供了可行的解决方案,特别是当注册表数据延迟或缺失时.
这种方法可以揭示流行病学差异,指导进一步研究原因并促进健康公平.

关键词:

管理卫生数据管理卫生数据癌症发生率癌症发生率癌症死亡率癌症死亡率流行病学流行病学小面积分析小面积分析

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