[智利非传染性疾病的区域差异:一个尚未弥补的差距]
1Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile.
概括
智利在癌症和糖尿病预防护理的获取方面面临着严重的区域差距. 需要有针对性的政策来减少这些健康差异,并改善非传染性疾病 (NCD) 的结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 癌症和糖尿病等非传染性疾病 (NCD) 是导致死亡的主要原因.
- 公平获得预防性查和治疗对于NCD管理至关重要.
- 包括智利在内的许多国家仍然存在医疗保健获取方面的区域差异.
研究的目的:
- 评估智利获得癌症和糖尿病预防查和治疗的区域差异.
- 使用一般和相对差异指数量化不平等.
- 确定在获得医疗保健方面存在重大滞后的地区.
主要方法:
- 分析了2022-2023年国家健康,性和性别调查 (ENSSEX) 的数据.
- 对四个关键指标的评估:乳房录像 (MAM),巴普涂抹 (PAP),前列腺特异性抗原测试 (PSA) 和糖尿病治疗 (DIA).
- 计算一般差异指数 (IDg) 和相对差异指数以衡量区域不平等.
主要成果:
- 在预防性查中观察到实质性的区域差异,在PSA,乳房影像和巴氏涂片检查中差距高达20%.
- 在获得糖尿病治疗方面,较小的差异 (<5%) 被发现.
- 北部和南部的宏观区域表现更好,而塔拉帕卡,马乌勒和大都会地区落后.
结论:
- 在智利的预防性医疗保健服务中持续存在的区域差异需要紧急关注.
- 分权化政策和地方优先级是减少这些医疗保健差距的关键.
- 解决这些差异对于实现可持续发展目标3.4和减少非传染性疾病过早死亡率至关重要.
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