2019年至2023年的辅助生活和记忆护理供应趋势
Eric Jutkowitz1, Gauri Gadkari2, Erh-Chi Hsu3
1Department of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center of Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, Providence, RI, USA; Evidence Synthesis Program Center, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA.
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
|September 29, 2025
概括
在美国农村,处于不利地位的县,辅助生活 (AL) 和记忆护理供应减少. 在服务不足的地区激励AL对于公平获得长期护理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学和长期护理
- 获得医疗保健和公平的机会.
- 农村健康差异 农村健康差异
背景情况:
- 辅助生活 (AL) 和记忆护理设施提供必要的长期护理服务.
- 在获得这些设施的地理和社会经济差异并未得到充分理解.
- 了解供应变化对于解决人口老龄化需求至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从2019年到2023年分析辅助生活 (AL) 和记忆护理供应的地理差异.
- 检查AL和记忆护理供应和县级社会经济特征之间的相关性.
- 在不同类型的美国县中识别AL和记忆护理可用性的趋势.
主要方法:
- 一项描述性研究分析了美国2019年和2023年的许可AL社区.
- 数据来源于AL设施的国家登记册和美国人口普查局的美国社区调查.
- 主要结局包括县级的AL和记忆护理供应 (每1000名65岁以上的成年人占床位),根据县特征和随时间变化进行描述性分析.
主要成果:
- 在2023年,AL和记忆护理供应较高的县是城市,更富有,教育程度更高.
- 在2019年至2023年期间,AL供应在43%的县下降,下降集中在收入较低的农村地区.
- 记忆护理供应在29%的县下降,特别是在教育程度较低,贫困程度较高,房屋价值较低的农村地区.
结论:
- 在美国农村和社会经济不利地区的县里观察到AL和记忆护理供应的显著下降.
- 这些长期护理服务的总体可用性仍然很低,加剧了服务不足地区的接入问题.
- 在服务不足的地区激励AL和记忆护理设施的开发和运营对于确保公平获得护理至关重要.
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