护理轨迹的一群首次入住养老院的护理轨迹:明尼苏达州的一项为期5年的纵向研究
Dongjuan Xu1, Emily Garcia2, Greg Arling1
1School of Nursing, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
|September 29, 2025
概括
养老院的双重资格的老年人表现出多样化的5年护理轨迹,死亡率,社区重新整合和过渡有显著差异. 个性化护理对于这些复杂的患者旅程至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 纵向研究 纵向研究
背景情况:
- 双重资格的老年人代表了一个复杂的患者群体,具有显著的医疗保健需求.
- 了解长期护理轨迹对于有效的资源配置和患者护理规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为首次,双重资格的养老院居民建模5年护理轨迹.
- 确定社区出院,养老院再入院,住院和死亡的不同模式.
- 检查护理轨迹与居民特征之间的关联,包括痴呆和认知功能.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究分析了2015年被明尼苏达州养老院录取的9853名双重资格的老年人.
- 潜伏类增长分析以确定基于养老院住宿,住院和社区住宿的护理轨迹.
- 对于死亡率和居民特征的多项逻辑回归的离散时间生存分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了四种不同的5年护理轨迹:早期死亡率 (38%),长期养老院护理 (11%),多次搬迁的过渡护理 (22%) 和短暂停留与社区回归 (29%).
- 轨迹在生存率,养老院利用率,住院频率和社区重新整合方面有显著差异.
- 基线认知功能,身体依赖和社会人口因素与不同的护理轨迹有关.
结论:
- 双重资格的养老院居民的护理轨迹高度异质,突出了对个性化护理的需求.
- 很大一部分居民经常经历过渡,或者一直留在养老院,直到死亡.
- 需要系统层面的策略来解决这个人口的复杂和不断变化的需求.
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