用类似病毒的囊泡型COVID-19疫苗进行免疫接种会诱导强大的全身和粘膜免疫力
Lei Yang1, Timur O Yarovinsky1, Kien Pham1
1Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
NPJ vaccines
|September 29, 2025
概括
一种新型病毒样囊泡 (VLV) 候选疫苗在小鼠中显示出强大的免疫反应来对抗COVID-19. 首次增强免疫提供了保护,鼻内增强增强了粘膜免疫力,以实现潜在的长期预防.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 新型冠状病毒疾病2019 (COVID-19) 构成了全球健康的重大威胁.
- 现有的疫苗需要不断开发更有效的候选人,以持续预防.
- 新型疫苗平台对于应对不断变化的公共卫生挑战至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种新的COVID-19疫苗候选人,利用一种类似病毒的囊泡 (VLV) 平台.
- 评估表达SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白变体的基于VLV的构造的免疫性和保护功效.
- 调查诱导全身和粘膜免疫的潜力.
主要方法:
- 两个VLV结构的生成:VLV-S-FL (全长尖峰) 和VLV-S-RBD (受体结合域).
- 用VLV-S-FL对C57BL/6J小鼠进行免疫接种.
- 对抗尖峰抗体和T细胞反应的评估.
- 对抗SARS-CoV-2的体内保护的评估挑战.
- 在鼻内增强后粘膜免疫的分析.
主要成果:
- 在小鼠中,VLV-S-FL诱导了强大的抗抗体和T细胞反应,与BNT162b2 mRNA疫苗相当.
- 用VLV-S-FL进行首次增强免疫接种在体内给予了对SARS-CoV-2的保护.
- 内鼻刺激显著增强了粘膜免疫力,包括IgA的产生和免疫细胞到肺部的招募.
- 候选疫苗显示出诱导系统性和粘膜性免疫反应的潜力.
结论:
- VLV-S-FL候选疫苗是预防COVID-19的一个有希望的方法.
- 该平台有效地引起强大的全身免疫和保护性反应.
- 通过鼻内增强增强的粘膜免疫力表明,有可能预防感染并减少疾病的严重程度.
更多相关视频
07:33Preparation, Characteristics, Toxicity, and Efficacy Evaluation of the Nasal Self-Assembled Nanoemulsion Tumor Vaccine In Vitro and In Vivo
Published on: September 28, 2022
2.2K
08:07A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain
Published on: July 25, 2022
3.0K
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
51.3K
Overview
51.3K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
1.8K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
1.8K
Immunological Memory
15.1K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
15.1K
Humoral Immune Responses
83.4K
Overview
83.4K
Development of Immunocompetence
790
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
790
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
982
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
982
