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微塑料和入侵性:三种共同存在的物种在亚山湖中的新兴相互作用和生态影响

Giulia Cesarini¹, Marco Orlandi², Riccardo Sbarberi³

¹National Research Council-Water Research Institute (CNR-IRSA), Corso Tonolli 50, Verbania Pallanza, 28922, Italy. giuliacesarini@cnr.it.

Scientific reports

|September 29, 2025

概括

马乔雷湖 (Lake Maggiore) 的侵入性鱼摄入微塑料 (MPs),其中Faxonius limosus的度最高. 这些入侵物种可能在清除淡水生态系统中的MP中发挥作用.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
环境科学环境科学
侵入性物种生物学生物学

背景情况:

微塑料 (MP) 和入侵物种对淡水生态系统构成重大威胁.
众议院议员与入侵物种,特别是之间的相互作用尚未得到充分理解.

研究的目的:

在马乔雷湖共存的三个入侵性鱼物种中进行MP吸收的第一个比较分析.
调查MP摄入量与生物识别特征之间的潜在相关性.
为了确定这些侵入性鱼所摄入的MP类型和来源.

主要方法:

在马乔雷湖对90只入侵性鱼 (Faxonius limosus,Pacifastacus leniusculus,Procambarus clarkii) 进行分析.
生物识别测量和分子分析用于物种识别.
检查肠道含量,检查微塑料的发生和特征.

主要成果:

在这三个入侵性鱼物种中,没有发现MP吸收的显著差异.
没有观察到MP摄入与生物特征之间的相关性.
法克索尼乌斯·利莫索斯 (Faxonius limosus) 的平均MP度是最高的.
主要的MP是小 (<1毫米) 聚或聚烯酸纤维,表明可能的国内来源.
记录了F. limosus中MP吸收的第一个证据.

结论:

侵入性鱼可以摄入微塑料,这可能会对它们在去除MP方面的生态作用产生潜在影响.
研究结果表明,入侵性鱼可能会起到MP去除的作用,影响生态系统管理和监测.
需要进一步研究MPs在广泛分布的入侵物种中的热带转移和器官水平积累.

关键词:

外来物种外来物种外来物种生物指标生物指标环境监测环境监测环境监测淡水生态系统淡水生态系统微塑料的去除微塑料的去除塑料污染问题塑料污染问题

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