冥想训练和非母语语言训练都能减少老年人的孤独感,在老年井随机对照试验中
Flora Hähnel1, Antoine Lutz2, Gaël Chetelat3
1Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Scientific reports
|September 30, 2025
概括
冥想和语言培训计划有效地减少了老年人的孤独感. 这两项干预措施都被证明是有益的,突出了持续的社会参与对老年人的幸福感的积极影响.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 孤独是死亡率的重要预测因素,也是老年人痴呆症的危险因素.
- 像冥想这样的干预措施有望减少孤独感,但积极对照的长期试验有限.
- 现有的研究缺乏关于老年人孤独干预措施长期有效性的可靠数据.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较冥想训练与非母语语言训练对老年人孤独的长期影响.
- 评估这些干预措施对社会排斥的情绪反应的影响.
- 为有效的策略提供证据,以打击老龄化人口中孤独的现象.
主要方法:
- 18个月的Age-Well随机对照试验的二次分析.
- 包括137名在社区生活的认知能力不受损的老年人 (年龄≥65岁).
- 冥想训练,非母语训练和被动对照组的比较.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,冥想和语言训练都显著减少了自我报告的孤独感.
- 两种主动干预措施之间没有发现显著差异.
- 两种干预都没有改变对实验诱导的社会排斥的情感反应.
结论:
- 持续参与定期的共同活动,如冥想或语言训练,可以有效地减少老年人的孤独感.
- 这些发现支持制定长期社会计划,以改善老年人的心理健康.
- 虽然对孤独有效,但这些干预措施并没有影响对社会排斥的立即情绪反应.
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