应用生态指标灵敏度分布来评估草原土壤中的pyrifos风险,这些土壤具有规定的火灾和放牧历史
Hamzat O Fajana1,2, Adedamola A Adedokun1,2, Philip A Abiolu2
1Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Environmental toxicology and chemistry
|September 30, 2025
概括
草原上的规定火灾和放牧增加了土壤质量,但增加了农药的脆弱性. 烧毁的土壤对pyrifos毒性的敏感性更大,影响了土壤生态指标,如酶和虫.
科学领域:
- 土壤生态学 土壤生态学
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 草地管理 草地管理
背景情况:
- 规定的火灾和放牧是常见的草原管理实践.
- 这些做法可能会影响土壤生态系统功能和对化学压力因素的脆弱性.
- 杀虫剂,如pyrifos,可以通过空中喷雾漂移污染草原.
研究的目的:
- 调查规定的火放牧史和pyrifos毒性对草原土壤质量的综合影响.
- 使用灵敏度分布框架评估对土壤生态指标 (生态指标) 的影响.
- 为了确定火放牧历史是否会影响土壤对农药毒性的敏感性.
主要方法:
- 收集不同管理历史的燃烧和未燃烧的草原土壤 (火放牧与单独放牧).
- 在实验室条件下将土壤样本暴露在不同剂量的pyrifos中.
- 测量了土壤质量参数,并评估了生态指标 (例如,oribatid虫,酸酸酶,胺酸酶) 对pyrifos的敏感性.
主要成果:
- 火放牧史和pyrifos对土壤质量参数总体没有相互作用的影响.
- 火放牧历史改善了土壤质量 (基酸盐,可用的),但在特定的生态指标上增加了pyrifos毒性.
- 与未燃烧的土壤相比,燃烧的土壤对pyrifos的敏感性更高,生态危害度较低 (HC5Eco-HC50Eco).
- 亚里胺酶被确定为最敏感的生态指标,对整个治疗过程中pyrifos的毒性.
结论:
- 火灾和放牧管理可以改变土壤对农药毒性的敏感性.
- 在受火灾影响的草原中,土壤生态指标的脆弱性增加,需要仔细评估农药风险.
- 土壤有机物质质量的变化或由副产品造成的压力可能解释了农药敏感性的增加.
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