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鹿ACE2作为SARS-CoV-2的受体的分子和功能表征

Anastasiia Kovba¹, Manabu Igarashi^2,3, Keita Mizuma⁴

¹Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo City, Hokkaido, Japan.

Microbiology and immunology

|September 30, 2025

概括

SARS-CoV-2 感染的是白尾鹿,但不是西卡鹿. 对血管素转化酶2 (ACE2) 受体的分子分析表明,差异可能解释了这一点,尽管功能性测试显示了类似的病毒结合.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
分子生物学分子生物学
野生动物疾病生态学野生动物疾病生态学

背景情况:

SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 已在北美白尾鹿 (WTD) 中检测到,有证据表明鹿对人类的传播.
在其他鹿种中观察到有限的SARS-CoV-2传播,包括西卡鹿.

研究的目的:

调查Sika鹿中明显缺乏SARS-CoV-2传播的分子基础.
为了比较Sika鹿和WTD之间的血管酶转化酶2 (ACE2) 受体结构和功能.

主要方法:

对鹿ACE2和WTDACE2的比较序列分析.
在基分子动力学模拟中评估ACE2-SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白结合.
功能性基于细胞的测试以评估使用西卡鹿和WTD ACE2.2的病毒结合和复制.

主要成果:

在大鼠ACE2中发现了一个关键的替代物 (lysine与asparagine在位置31),可能会影响与SARS-CoV-2受体结合域 (RBD) 的结合.
功能性测试显示,西卡鹿ACE2和WTDACE2之间病毒结合和复制的差异很小.
SARS-CoV-2 可以利用来自 Sika 鹿和 WTD 的 ACE2 同样.

结论:

西卡鹿和潜在的其他鹿类可能对SARS-CoV-2感染非常敏感.
除了ACE2受体结合之外的因素可能会影响鹿种群内的SARS-CoV-2传播动态.
需要进一步的研究来了解SARS-CoV-2在鹿类种群中传播的全部范围.

关键词:

在ACE2中,ACE2是ACE2.根据COVID-19的情况,在SARS-CoV-2中.锡卡鹿是鹿的一种.白尾鹿是一种白尾鹿.野生动物野生动物

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