与矩阵相关的细胞外囊泡通过呈现原VI来调节人类光滑肌肉细胞的粘附和方向性
Alexander N Kapustin1, Sofia Serena Tsakali1, Meredith Whitehead1
1School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
eLife
|September 30, 2025
概括
纤维肌菌素 (FN) 触发血管光滑肌细胞 (VSMCs),释放细胞外囊泡 (sEVs),促进细胞入侵. 这些由FN刺激的sEV,富含原VI,驱动方向运动,对血管修复和动脉样硬化至关重要.
科学领域:
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
- 细胞外矩阵生物学 细胞外矩阵生物学
- 细胞机械生物学 细胞机械生物学
背景情况:
- 细胞外基质 (ECM) 对于血管结构和修复至关重要,在血管修复和动脉样硬化过程中经历重塑.
- 血管光滑肌细胞 (VSMCs) 是血管修复的关键参与者,分泌重塑ECM的因素,并可以侵入内脏.
- 纤维素 (FN) 积累是血管修复和动脉样硬化的早期指标.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究纤维素 (FN) 如何影响血管光滑肌细胞 (VSMCs) 进行细胞外矩阵 (ECM) 重塑.
- 确定由VSMCs分泌的小细胞外囊泡 (sEVs) 在血管修复和动脉样硬化过程中的作用.
- 阐明FN刺激的sEV调解ECM重塑和VSMC行为的特定机制.
主要方法:
- 用FN刺激人类的VSMC,以诱导sEV分泌.
- 分析β1整合素/FAK/Src通路和actin细胞骨动态.
- 在体外和体内评估sEV与ECM和FN的相互作用.
- 对VSMC衍生的sEVs的蛋白质组学分析以及涉及原VI的功能测定.
主要成果:
- FN通过β1整蛋白/FAK/Src通路和actin细胞骨架重塑刺激人类的VSMCs分泌sEVs.
- 由VSMC衍生的sEVs被ECM捕获,并在动脉样硬化斑块中与FN结合.
- 被ECM捕获的sEVs通过增加外周拉力促进焦点粘附形成,阻碍细胞扩散.
- 来自VSMC的sEVs被丰富了原VI,它调解了细胞粘附和侵入方向性.
结论:
- FN积累是血管修复的早期事件,促进VSMCs通过VSMCs分泌原VI丰富的SEVs.
- 这些sEVs通过诱导外围焦点粘附形成和actomyosin收缩来促进VSMC定向入侵.
- 这些发现表明,血管ECM内VSMC迁移的新机制与血管修复和动脉样硬化有关.
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