患有自闭症谱系障碍和不同语言能力的儿童语言区域的形态特征
Yubin Hu1, Kaiyu Huang2, Jing Xin3
1Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518107, China.
Psychiatry research
|September 30, 2025
概括
在学龄前儿童中,自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 显示出明显的脑结构差异,特别是在语言区域. 这些脑语言相关性因语言缺陷的严重程度而异,为神经解剖学提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿科放射学 儿科放射学
背景情况:
- 以前的研究主要将自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患者与典型发育 (TD) 同龄人进行比较.
- 在ASD中的语言变异性,特别是在学龄前儿童中,是研究不足的.
- 这项研究调查了ASD和不同语言能力的儿童语言区域的形态特征和半球不对称性.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查与语言相关的区域的大脑形态.
- 为了比较ASD和TD同龄儿童的半球不对称性.
- 探索ASD幼儿大脑结构和语言能力之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 分析了68名ASD儿童和37名TD儿童 (年龄为1.5-6.5岁) 的MRI数据.
- ASD组分为中度 (ASD-MLD) 和严重 (ASD-SLD) 的语言缺陷子组.
- 检查了皮层语言区域的不对称性,群体差异和大脑语言相关性.
主要成果:
- 所有组在语言区域的皮质体积和表面积中都显示出显著的半球不对称性.
- 在ASD-MLD和TD组中观察到皮层厚度不对称.
- 自闭症小组有额头和部灰质扩大;ASD-MLD和TD组存在脑语言相关性,但非ASD-SLD组.
结论:
- 结构性大脑差异与ASD儿童的不同语言障碍水平有关.
- 对儿科ASD语言缺陷的神经解剖学基础的新见解.
- 强调在ASD神经成像研究中考虑语言变异性的重要性.
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