环境空气污染暴露和肺癌风险在一个大型的未来美国队列中
Jared A Fisher1, Linda M Liao2, Barry I Graubard3
1Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
室外空气污染,特别是细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和二氧化 (NO2),与增加肺癌风险有关. 状细胞癌的风险增加与PM2.5,而腺癌的风险增加与NO2.2.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 室外空气污染,包括细颗粒物 (PM2.5),是肺癌的已知原因之一.
- 有限的研究已经探索了空气污染物和特定的肺癌组织学亚型之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 调查暴露于PM2.5和二氧化 (NO2) 与患肺癌的风险之间的关联,总体和按组织学亚型.
- 为了评估吸烟状态,性别和地理区域的潜在影响修改.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自NIH-AARP饮食和健康研究的486,101名参与者的数据.
- 预计在入学前期间 (1990-1994) 使用时空模型对PM2.5和NO2的住宅暴露 (1990-1994).
- 采用考克斯回归来分析与发病肺癌的关联,调整共变量并评估联合效应和相互作用.
主要成果:
- 与PM2.5暴露相关的整体肺癌风险略有增加.
- 在腺癌和状细胞癌与PM2.5.5之间观察到更强烈的关联.
- 二氧化 (NO2) 暴露与整体肺癌和腺癌的风险增加有关.
- 同时的分析显示,状细胞癌和PM2.5之间,以及腺癌和NO2之间,存在更强的联系.
- 风险关联的区域差异很大,这表明污染物成分可能起作用.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,暴露于PM2.5与状细胞癌的风险增加有关,而NO2暴露与腺癌风险增加有关.
- 在PM2.5组成的区域差异可能会导致肺癌风险的变化.
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