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年龄是疟疾炎症反应的内在驱动因素

Jessica R Loughland¹, Nicholas L Dooley¹, Zuleima Pava¹

¹Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Nature communications

|September 30, 2025

概括

年龄会影响疟疾的严重程度. 成年人表现出更高的炎症反应,而儿童表现出不同的免疫特征,揭示了与年龄相关的机制驱动疟疾炎症.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
传染性疾病传染性疾病
疟疾研究疟疾研究

背景情况:

年龄显著影响了对疟疾等感染的免疫反应.
在非免疫群体中,严重疟疾风险随着年龄的增长而升级.
炎症有助于疟疾的严重程度,但依赖年龄的机制仍然不清楚.

研究的目的:

调查疟疾期间炎症反应的年龄相关差异.
为了比较先天细胞对儿童和成人疟疾寄生虫的反应性.
阐明导致年龄依赖疟疾严重程度的细胞机制.

主要方法:

在疟疾患者中评估了炎症性细胞因子 (CCL2,CCL3,CXCL8,CXCL9,CRP,IDO) 和C反应蛋白 (CRP).
在试管婴儿和成年人中分析了先天细胞对疟疾寄生虫的反应 (单细胞, γδ T 细胞).
利用转录组分析来识别丰富的信号通路.

主要成果:

炎症化学基因 (CCL2,CCL3,CXCL8,CXCL9),CRP和IDO的增加与疟疾期间的年龄有关.
成人的单细胞和Vδ2+ γδ T细胞显示出更高的炎症性细胞因子产生和转录激活.
成人单细胞反应是CCL2主导的,而儿童显示IL10增加和IL10信号通路丰富.

结论:

年龄特定的炎症特征和细胞反应有助于疟疾的发病.
在疟疾的背景下,儿童和成年人之间的单细胞和γδ T 细胞反应有显著差异.
了解这些依赖年龄的机制对于开发有针对性的疟疾干预措施至关重要.

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