机器学习用于使用不平衡数据预测中风
Nataliia Melnykova1, Yurii Patereha2, Stepan Skopivskyi1
1Department of Artificial Intelligence, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine.
Scientific reports
|September 30, 2025
概括
这项研究通过在不平衡的数据上使用机器学习来增强中风预测. 随机森林模型实现了高性能,证明了适当的指标的重要性超越准确性可靠的健康预测.
科学领域:
- 医学信息学 医学信息学
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 脑卒中是一个主要的健康问题.
- 预测中风是具有挑战性的,因为不平衡的数据集.
- 现有的方法需要改进,以提高准确性和可靠性.
研究的目的:
- 开发和比较用于中风预测的机器学习模型.
- 解决中风预测中不平衡数据集的挑战.
- 用适当的指标来评估模型性能.
主要方法:
- 应用数据预处理技术来处理不平衡的数据.
- 构建和比较了多个机器学习模型.
- 使用平衡数据的网格搜索优化了一个随机的森林分类器.
主要成果:
- 随机森林模型实现了90%的精度,回忆和F1得分.
- 在平衡数据上优化超参数可以获得96%的准确性.
- 仅凭准确性就不足以对不平衡数据集的模型进行评估.
结论:
- 先进的数据处理和机器学习显著改善了中风预测.
- 随机森林模型显示了临床应用的巨大潜力.
- 承认精度的局限性对于强大的不平衡分类至关重要.
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