超越多选准确度:在医疗保健中实施大型语言模型的现实世界挑战
Yifan Yang1, Qiao Jin1, Qingqing Zhu1
1National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
ArXiv
|October 1, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 在医疗保健方面表现有前途,但面临着重大的运营,道德,绩效和法律挑战. 克服这些障碍对于将人工智能负责任地整合到医学中至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 展示了人类水平的能力,吸引了医疗保健应用的兴趣.
- 由于其潜力,医学中LLM的探索正在增加.
- 尽管取得了有希望的进展,但现实世界的实施面临着许多挑战.
研究的目的:
- 识别和讨论阻碍LLM在医学领域的实际应用的关键挑战.
- 从四个不同的角度分析这些挑战:运营,伦理,绩效相关和法律.
- 强调解决这些障碍对于成功地将LLM整合到医疗保健中的重要性.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和对现有关于医疗保健LLM的研究进行概念分析.
- 将挑战分类为操作漏洞,道德和社会考虑,绩效和评估问题以及法律/监管合规性.
- 讨论这些挑战对临床实践和研究的影响.
主要成果:
- 在医疗保健机构的LLM部署中发现了重要的运营漏洞.
- 突出了关键的伦理和社会考虑,包括偏见和患者隐私.
- 详细的性能和评估困难,例如评估临床准确性和可靠性.
- 概述了医疗人工智能的法律和监管合规障碍.
结论:
- 解决运营,道德,绩效和法律方面的挑战对于在医学中安全有效地使用LLM至关重要.
- 负责任的整合需要考虑技术,伦理和监管因素的多方面的方法.
- 克服这些障碍将释放LLMs的全部潜力,以改善医疗保健结果.
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