在最近退役的美国退伍军人中确定无家可归的预防目标
Eric B Elbogen1,2,3, Mary Jo Pugh4,5, Megan Amuan4
1US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Homeless Programs Office, Washington, DC, USA.
Health services insights
|October 1, 2025
概括
防止退伍军人无家可归需要上游干预. 诸如社区劣势和严重精神疾病的诊断等因素预测无家可归的军事后服务,特别是当结合起来.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 军人卫生保健 军人卫生保健
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
背景情况:
- 退伍军人无家可归是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 目前的干预主要集中在已经无家可归的退伍军人身上.
- 需要采取积极的方法来防止军方过渡期间的无家可归.
研究的目的:
- 确定预测退伍军人无家可归的上游因素.
- 在军事分离之前的目标干预.
- 促进退伍军人更顺利地过渡到平民生活.
主要方法:
- 长度队列研究 (2001年至2014年) 对418,624名9/11后退伍军人进行.
- 链接国防部 (DoD) 和退伍军人事务部 (VA) 的数据.
- 分析了临床诊断,人口统计,军事史,无家可归和社区数据.
主要成果:
- 无家可归与弱势社区,年龄较小,黑人种族,物质使用障碍 (SUD),严重精神疾病 (SMI) 和人格障碍有关.
- 同时发生的SUD,SMI和人格障碍增加了无家可归的风险五倍.
- 患有这些诊断的贫困社区的退伍军人风险最高.
结论:
- 环境和个人因素预测了军事后的无家可归.
- 积极的政策和计划可以改善社区的重返社会.
- 干预措施应在退伍军人退出兵役之前针对高风险退伍军人.
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