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课程长度对跨年龄组和游泳冲击的游泳表现的影响
Javier Iglesias García1,2, Francisco Hermosilla-Perona1,3, Tomohiro Gonjo4
1AExPH, facultad de ciencias biomédicas y de la salud, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain.
Frontiers in sports and active living
|October 1, 2025
概括
年龄较大的游泳者在短路 (SC) 和长路 (LC) 游泳比赛中表现的差异更大. 这些SC-LC时间变化在背部和胸部中更为明显,特别是在更长的距离上.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 游泳表现分析 游泳表现分析
- 生物机械研究 生物机械研究
背景情况:
- 游泳者通常在短路 (SC) 游泳池中记录更快的时间,而不是长路 (LC) 游泳池,因为转的增加.
- 年龄和性别对SC和LC游泳之间的这些绩效差异的具体影响仍然不够理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查SC和LC事件之间的季节性游泳时间的差异.
- 分析这些差异,跨越各种运动 (背部运动,胸部运动,蝶运动,自由运动,个人混合运动) 和距离 (50米,100米,200米,400米).
- 为了确定年龄和性别对SC和LC性能变化的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了四个年龄组的两性最受欢迎的200个西班牙季节时间.
- 使用三向ANOVA和后期分析进行统计评估.
- 与SC和LC事件之间的时间差异的比较.
主要成果:
- 较年长的游泳者在SC和LC事件之间的时间差异显著更大,与男性和女性年轻年龄组相比.
- 背部和胸部冲击事件显示,SC-LC时间差异大于蝶和自由式.
- 这些差异在100米和200米比赛中尤为明显.
结论:
- 年龄是影响短距离和长距离游泳之间的表现差异大小的一个重要因素.
- 脑中风类型和事件距离也在SC-LC时间变化中起作用.
- 教练和游泳运动员在评估游泳表现时应该考虑这些年龄和赛事特定的差异.
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