无人机任务难度水平对飞行员自主神经系统的影响
Przemysław Wojciechowski1, Konrad Wojtowicz1, Jan Błaszczyk2
1Military University Of Technology, Warsaw, Poland (Faculty of Mechatronics, Armament and Aerospace).
概括
无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 飞行模拟器引发压力,随着任务难度的增加,激活交感神经系统. 在复杂的模拟过程中,在飞行员身上测量了包括心率和呼吸在内的心理反应.
科学领域:
- 航空航天医学 航空航天医学
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 的操作越来越复杂.
- 了解飞行员心理生理学对于安全有效的无人机任务至关重要.
- 自主神经系统的反应是压力和工作负载的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究无人机飞行员在飞行模拟期间的心理生理反应.
- 评估任务复杂性对自主神经系统活动 (交感和副交感) 的影响.
- 为了将模拟器诱导的压力与生理和性能指标相关联.
主要方法:
- 14名飞行员 (年龄在26-31岁) 参加了无人机飞行模拟器会议.
- 电心电图 (ECG) 和压电 (PZT) 呼吸传感器收集了生理数据.
- 模拟后评估了飞行员的性能和简单反应时间.
主要成果:
- 更高的任务难度与更短的RR间隔和心率增加相关.
- 呼吸率随着任务难度的增加而增加 (低:17.3±0.87,中:18.1±1.04,高:18.8±0.41次呼吸/分钟).
- 飞行模拟诱导了可测量的压力,激活了交感神经系统.
结论:
- 无人机飞行模拟器会诱导压力刺激,影响飞行员生理.
- 同情神经系统的激活随着任务难度的升级而增加.
- 生理和反应时间的测量可以量化模拟器诱导的压力在无人机飞行员.
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