童年肥胖症中的表观遗传机制
Guadalupe León-Reyes1, Génesis K González-Quijano1,2, Francisco J López-Alavez1
1Laboratory of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, México.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|October 1, 2025
概括
像DNA甲基化这样的表观遗传机制与儿童肥胖风险有关. 需要进一步研究影响早期生命中的这些表观遗传变化的环境因素.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学和发育生物学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 儿童肥胖研究儿童肥胖研究
背景情况:
- 表观遗传机制 (DNA甲基化,基因素修饰,非编码RNA) 调节基因表达.
- 这些机制受到环境因素的影响,在增强可塑性的发育窗口中至关重要.
- 新出现的证据将影响表观遗传的环境暴露与包括肥胖在内的早期健康风险联系在一起.
研究的目的:
- 审查和分析关于表观遗传机制与儿童肥胖之间的关联的已发表证据.
- 确定了解早期肥胖的表观遗传基础的研究差距.
主要方法:
- 系统地搜索使用非定向检测和验证方法对表观遗传机制和儿童肥胖的研究.
- 包括元分析,系统审查和专注于DNA甲基化和非编码RNA (ncRNAs) 的原始研究.
- 排除了专注于仅仅基因素修饰的研究.
主要成果:
- 确定了15项研究:两项元分析和七项关于DNA甲基化原始研究,一项关于microRNA的系统性审查,以及五项关于ncRNA的研究.
- 各种组织中的DNA甲基化显示与儿童/青少年肥胖有关,尽管由于方法差异,交叉研究比较具有挑战性.
- 非编码RNAs (ncRNAs) 在肥胖和非肥胖儿童之间存在差异.
结论:
- 表观遗传机制,特别是DNA甲基化和ncRNAs,与儿童肥胖有关.
- 在了解儿童肥胖背景下调节表观遗传机制的环境因素的作用方面存在重大差距.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索调控因素及其对从生命早期就肥胖发展的影响.
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