当地规模上的Phytophthora ×alni的种群结构及其时间发展
Štěpán Pecka1, Ondřej Koukol2, Gabriela Šrámková3
1Landscape Research Institute, Biological risks, Průhonice, Czech Republic; pecka@vukoz.cz.
Phytopathology
|October 1, 2025
概括
伏尔塔瓦河流域的Phytophthora alni种群在疫情后显示遗传多样性下降,Pxa-1基因型的主导地位增加. 罕见的基因型具有较低的适应性,这表明Pxa-1将持续存在并对老年人构成持续的风险.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 森林生态 森林生态
背景情况:
- 阿尔尼植物是一种侵袭性病原体,影响树 (Alnus spp. ) 的情况.
- P. ×alni是最常见和致病的物种,具有主导的Pxa-1基因型和众多罕见的基因型.
- 人口结构和P. ×alni的演变仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较流行病和后流行病阶段的P. ×alni菌株的种群结构和健康状况.
- 在伏尔塔瓦河流域调查当地P. ×alni种群的进化动态.
- 评估P. ×alni对鱼种群构成的长期风险.
主要方法:
- 从疫情 (2005-2010) 和流行后 (2020-2024) 阶段对151个P. ×alni分离物的分析.
- 微卫星标记物分析以确定多部位基因型 (23已确定).
- 适应性测试评估子生长,生长速度和毒性.
主要成果:
- 流行后阶段显示,遗传多样性减少,Pxa-1基因型的主导地位/发生率增加.
- 在研究地点,罕见的基因型被占主导地位的Pxa-1基因型取代.
- 与Pxa-1相比,罕见的基因型表现出较低的健康状况,随着遗传分歧的增加,健康状况下降.
结论:
- Pxa-1基因型在进化上受到青,并且可能在晚期疾病阶段持续存在.
- 当地P. ×alni种群正在向由最致病性基因型主导的同质性增加而发展.
- 由于Pxa-1的流行,预计将继续对幸存的鱼种群造成损害的风险.
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