森林恢复调节了生态系统服务供需关系在山区的小流域
Ting Yang1, Xiaowei Nie1, Jiaoyang Xu1
1College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences / Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Journal of environmental management
|October 1, 2025
概括
生态恢复改善了中国三峡的大部分生态系统服务,但谷物生产和服务需求有所下降. 森林恢复对生态系统服务的供需关系产生重大影响,特别是考虑到山区的时间延迟影响.
科学领域:
- 生态系统服务生态系统服务
- 生态恢复 生态恢复
- 环境变化 环境变化
- 流域管理 流域管理
背景情况:
- 生态恢复增强了生态系统的稳定性和服务提供.
- 恢复对生态系统服务供需关系 (ESSD) 的影响尚不清楚,特别是在人类活动多样化的复杂山区.
- 了解ESSD动态对于有效的生态恢复战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从2001年到2021年,量化五个关键ESSD (谷物生产,水产,土壤保留,水净化,碳封存) 的时空空间动态,在 Jiuwanxi小流域 (JSW).
- 描述森林恢复和其他变量对山区流域ESSD的影响.
- 在类似的山区提供可持续生态恢复的参考.
主要方法:
- 整合居民调查与多源遥感数据 (Landsat 7和Sentinel-2).
- 应用XGBoost-SHAP模型来分析ESSD驱动因素和影响.
- 量化五个关键生态系统服务的时空动态及其供需比 (ESDR) 在流域和村级.
主要成果:
- 2001年至2021年间,JSW的森林面积增加了24.82%,改善了大多数生态系统服务供应,特别是土壤保留和水产.
- 谷物生产供应和所有生态系统服务的需求大幅下降.
- 虽然流域规模的ESDR普遍增加 (例如,土壤保留率为591.69%),但村级ESDR在粮食生产 (28%的村庄) 和碳封存 (16%的村庄) 方面下降.
- 森林面积比例变化与ESDR变化最强烈相关,突出显示恢复的有效性,同时考虑时间延迟效应至关重要.
结论:
- 森林恢复有效地调节了山区流域的ESSD,但必须考虑时间滞后效应和空间异质性.
- 考虑地形和社会经济因素的差异化恢复策略是优化垂直空间模式 (例如,高海拔保护,中海拔恢复,低海拔开发) 的必要条件.
- 研究结果为全球类似山区的可持续生态恢复规划提供了宝贵的见解.
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