优化水和管理,以提高干旱和半干旱地区滴灌灌下春季玉米的生产率和资源利用效率
Yuchen Li1, Weibo Nie1, Yu Wan2
1State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.
Journal of the science of food and agriculture
|October 2, 2025
概括
在干旱地区优化玉米的水和,可显著提高产量和资源效率. 最好的策略涉及特定的灌和含量,以实现可持续农业.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 干旱/半干旱地区的玉米生产面临水资源短缺,高蒸发率和低效的使用等挑战.
- 当前的战略往往优先考虑收益,而不是全面的资源效率.
- 滴灌需要优化水管理,以改善玉米的生长和产量.
研究的目的:
- 确定最佳的水和的应用率,以提高玉米产量和资源利用效率.
- 评估不同灌和度对玉米生长,产量和生产力指标的影响.
- 为干旱和半干旱环境中可持续的水管理提供实用参考.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项为期两年的实地实验,采用四个灌水平 (130-295毫米) 和五个施加率 (120-280公斤/ha-1).
- 一个高输入处理作为局部控制.
- 使用响应表面分析来确定水和应用的最佳范围.
主要成果:
- 通过W3N240处理 (240毫米灌,240公斤-1N) 获得了最高的产量 (超过14,500公斤-1),以及卓越的水生产率 (WP),灌水生产率 (IWP) 和部分生产率 (PFPN).
- 确定了最佳范围为410-440毫米的水消耗和180-250公斤-1的应用.
- 这些最佳范围确保了≥95%的最大产量,同时保持了高资源利用效率 (≥85%WP/IWP,≥60%PFPN).
结论:
- 优化的水管理显著提高了 drip-irrigated 干旱/半干旱系统中的玉米生产率和资源利用效率.
- 确定的最佳范围为可持续农业实践提供了有价值的参考.
- 这项研究支持在水资源稀缺的玉米生产地区有效利用资源.
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