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干细胞在骨髓瘤中的悖论性作用:从致病源到治疗突破

Zhengbing Su¹, Xiang Fang¹, Hong Duan¹

¹Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in oncology

|October 2, 2025

概括

癌症干细胞 (CSC) 驱动骨髓瘤 (OS) 的进展和治疗耐药性. 介质细胞干细胞 (MSC) 具有双重作用,但克服挑战是有效的基于干细胞的OS疗法的关键.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
干细胞生物学干细胞生物学
癌症治疗方法癌症治疗方法

背景情况:

骨髓瘤 (OS) 是一种流行的青少年骨癌,具有高转移潜力和耐治疗性,导致预后不佳.
癌症干细胞 (CSCs) 通过Wnt/β-catenin,Notch和Hedgehog等途径驱动OS启动,进展,化学抵抗和转移.
介酶干细胞 (MSC) 具有复杂的作用,有助于向药物输送和免疫调节,但也可能通过TGF-β.等因素促进瘤进展.

研究的目的:

审查干细胞在骨髓瘤 (OS) 发病过程中的双重作用.
探索用于OS的基于干细胞的治疗创新.
确定干细胞集中OS疗法的挑战和未来方向.

主要方法:

文献综述综合了OS中干细胞的当前研究.
对参与CSCs的分子通路 (Wnt/β-catenin,Notch,Hedgehog) 和标记物 (CD133,CXCR4) 的分析.
检查瘤微环境 (TME) 中的MSC相互作用及其治疗应用.

主要成果:

由CD133和CXCR4标记的CSCs是OS启动,转移和化学抵抗的核心.
多重瘤瘤表现出治疗潜力 (药物输送,免疫调节) 和风险 (瘤促进).
免疫抑制性TME,涉及HIF-1α,代谢重编程和M2巨细胞,增强CSC的弹性.

结论:

新兴的策略,如CSC向剂和工程CAR-T细胞,显示出临床前的希望.
挑战包括CSC异质性,MSC可塑性和低效的细胞同源性.
未来的研究需要生物标志物引导的组合,优化MSC交付,以及为个性化治疗提供多omics概况.

关键词:

癌症干细胞是癌症干细胞.介质细胞干细胞介质细胞干细胞骨质肉瘤是骨质肉瘤的一种疾病.监管机制监管机制翻译障碍翻译障碍

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