听力培训用于晚年生活中的日常运作
Karen Z H Li1, Jennifer Campos2,3, Margaret K Pichora-Fuller3
1Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Seminars in hearing
|October 2, 2025
概括
老年人可以通过执行功能 (EF) 培训来提高复杂的听力技能. 这种培训有利于有或没有听力损失的个体,提高日常多任务性能.
科学领域:
- 老年学和认知神经科学
- 听力康复和认知训练 听力康复和认知训练
背景情况:
- 世界卫生组织强调健康衰老的多系统方法,整合感官,运动和认知功能.
- 复杂的倾听行为,对日常活动至关重要,受到感官,运动和认知系统的相互作用的影响.
- 执行功能 (EF),如选择,抑制和工作记忆更新,是支持复杂的听觉任务的关键无域过程.
研究的目的:
- 审查针对旨在增强复杂多任务处理与老年人日常倾听相关的培训干预措施的研究.
- 探索执行功能 (EF) 培训在改善老年人群复杂听力表现方面的有效性,无论听力状况如何.
主要方法:
- 对研究认知训练的研究进行系统审查,特别针对EF过程.
- 包括涉及不同程度听力测量听力损失的老年人 (从亚临床到显著) 的研究.
- 分析与复杂的倾听行为和日常多任务执行相关的训练结果.
主要成果:
- 老年人,无论有没有听力测量听力损失,都表现出能够从EF培训中受益的能力.
- 有针对性的EF培训在改善日常环境中的复杂听力表现方面表现有前途.
- 这些发现支持将EF培训纳入听力康复策略.
结论:
- 执行功能 (EF) 培训是一种可行的方法,可以提高老年人复杂的听力能力.
- 干预措施应考虑一个整体的方法,可能超越传统的沟通培训,包括现实的多任务方案.
- 未来的研究和临床实践应该探索包括EF培训在内的综合康复计划,以改善老年人的功能结果.
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