全球土著人口中青年2型糖尿病的患病率:系统性审查
Emily R Papadimos1,2, Courtney Claussen3,4, Dianna J Magliano5,6
1Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia. emily.papadimos@menzies.edu.au.
2型糖尿病在全球土著青年中非常常见,特别是在年轻人和女性中. 患病率正在增加,突出了针对性预防策略的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生健康 全球卫生健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 土著健康土著健康
背景情况:
- 2型糖尿病 (T2D) 在全球范围内构成了重大健康挑战.
- 原住民年轻人群体经历了不成比例的高慢性疾病的负担.
- 有限的综合数据存在于这个人口中T2D的全球流行率和趋势.
研究的目的:
- 综合T2D在土著青年 (<25岁) 中的全球流行率估计.
- 检查T2D发病率的年龄和性别特异性差异.
- 调查这一群体中T2D患病率的长期趋势.
主要方法:
- 从1980年到2024年,对主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,Cochrane) 的系统文献搜索.
- 包括跨截面的观察性研究,报告T2D点流行率和土著青年的趋势.
- 使用修改后的纽卡斯尔-太华尺度进行质量评估,适用于土著健康研究.
主要成果:
- 包括49项来自6个国家的36个人口的研究.
- 二型糖尿病的患病率差异很大 (每1000人中有0-44人),其中75%的人口超过每1000人中有1人.
- 患病率随着年龄的增长而增加,显示女性占主导地位 (77%的研究),并显示自1981年以来的上升趋势.
结论:
- 在土著年轻人中,特别是年轻人和女性中,T2D的患病率非常高,趋势越来越高.
- 未来的研究应该专注于年龄/青春期分层和识别风险/保护因素.
- 对于有效的糖尿病计划来说,土著领导的,社区特定的方法至关重要.
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