对比转录基因和机器学习分析确定了暴露于小动物瘟疫病毒的山羊的关键基因和免疫失调
Varsha Ramesh1, Kuralayanapalya P Suresh2, Shijili Mambully1
1ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 064, India.
Virus genes
|October 2, 2025
概括
小动物瘟疫 (PPR) 疫苗模仿自然感染途径,但具有不同的分子特征. 这项研究确定了区分受感染动物和接种疫苗的关键基因,有助于开发诊断工具.
科学领域:
- 兽医免疫学 兽医免疫学
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
- 进行比较基因组学.
背景情况:
- 小反动物瘟疫 (PPR) 仍然是全球小反动物的重大威胁.
- 目前的PPR疫苗是有效的,但缺乏区分受感染和接种疫苗的动物的能力 (DIVA).
- 了解宿主-病原体分子相互作用是下一代控制策略的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了对感染PPRV和接种疫苗的山羊进行比较的转录基因分析.
- 为了识别保护性免疫的共享和独特的分子特征.
- 发现用于DIVA应用的潜在生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 来自自然感染和接种疫苗的山羊的外周血液单核细胞的比较转录基因分析.
- 差异基因表达分析以识别上调和下调的基因.
- 机器学习对生物标志物潜力的验证.
主要成果:
- 在受感染的样本中确定了1874个差异表达基因 (DEG),在接种疫苗的样本中确定了1838个DEG.
- 发现了12个上调和11个下调的共享枢纽基因,表明类似的免疫路径激活.
- 鉴定了特定条件的基因,感染相关的基因 (例如IL-6) 表明炎症和疫苗接种相关的基因 (例如核糖体蛋白) 表明免疫记忆.
- 机器学习模型在将受感染的动物与接种疫苗的动物分类时实现了>90%的准确性.
结论:
- PPR疫苗有效地激活了与自然感染相似的免疫路径.
- 在自然感染和疫苗接种之间存在不同的分子特征.
- 已识别的基因具有作为DIVA策略的生物标志物的巨大潜力.
- 这些发现支持开发增强的诊断和下一代DIVA疫苗来控制PPR.
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