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Updated: Jan 6, 2026

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Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
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儿童的身体组成和心脏代谢风险
Irene Sequí-Domínguez1,2, Mairena Sánchez-López1,3, Miriam Garrido-Miguel1,2,4
1Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain.
JAMA network open
|October 2, 2025
概括
西班牙学生的世俗趋势显示,肥胖率趋于平稳,30年来胆固醇和血压明显改善. 然而,胰岛素水平显著增加,突出显示了持续的心脏代谢健康问题.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 了解儿童身体组成和心脏代谢风险因素 (CMRF) 的长期变化对于心血管健康至关重要.
- 确定生命早期的决定因素为公共卫生政策和心血管疾病的预防策略提供了信息.
研究的目的:
- 从1992年到2022年,分析西班牙学生体重状况 (体重不足,超重,肥胖) 和CMRF的长期趋势.
- 为了评估三十年来脂质参数,血糖标记和血压的变化.
主要方法:
- 采用重复的横截面研究设计,分析了西班牙7组8至11岁儿童的数据.
- 数据涵盖30年 (1992-2022年),分析时间为2024年4月至2025年5月.
- 关键结局包括体重状况,脂质概况,血糖标记和静止血压.
主要成果:
- 自2018年以来,肥胖患病率呈现放缓趋势和平原.
- 在研究期间,总胆固醇,LDL-C和血压 (SBP/DBP) 显著下降.
- 在1998年至2004年期间,HDL-C水平达到峰值,随后下降,而在2004年至2022年期间,平均胰岛素水平显著上升.
结论:
- 尽管人们对超重的持续担忧,但西班牙儿童在30年内体验了脂质样本和血压的改善.
- 胰岛素水平的上升需要进一步调查,因为它可能是未来代谢障碍的潜在指标.
- 这些发现为儿童心脏代谢健康的演变提供了洞察力,并为有针对性的公共卫生干预提供了信息.
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