中枢神经系统的内在神经网络及其在哺乳动物中的模块化 (子系统) 架构
Larry W Swanson1, Joel D Hahn1, Olaf Sporns2
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089.
概括
网络科学揭示了老鼠的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 有三部分架构,有三个主要模块支持不同的功能,如行为控制和反射集成,提供对大脑和脊髓组织的见解.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 网络科学 网络科学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 脊椎动物的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 通过大脑和脊髓的分支来整合生理和行为.
- 了解中枢神经系统内部的连接对于破译集成机制至关重要.
- 哺乳动物中枢神经系统的架构及其功能组织仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 用网络科学阐明哺乳动物 (老鼠) 中的中枢神经系统内连接的网络架构.
- 在CNS网络中识别模块化组织和功能角色.
- 分析全球网络属性及其与模块化结构的关系.
主要方法:
- 应用网络科学分析大鼠中灰色物质区域 (节点) 和轴突突出的 (连接) 中枢神经系统.
- 利用神经解剖学数据绘制了840个节点和81,434个定向连接.
- 使用无监督的多解决方案共识集群分析来识别网络模块.
主要成果:
- 具有12%的密度,32%的对侧终端和41%的双向链接.
- 揭示了一个三部分系统架构,有三个第一阶段模块:前脑 - 中脑对用于认知 / 影响,以及罗姆 - 脑 - 脊髓模块用于执行 / 反射.
- 确定了相互连接的模块的嵌套层次结构,具有假定的功能角色,与大脑-脊髓地形划分不同.
结论:
- 老鼠的中枢神经系统表现出三方模块化组织,这表明一个基本的系统架构可能与发育和原生学有关.
- 这种以特定的功能关联为特征的模块化结构,为理解中枢神经系统集成提供了一个新的框架.
- 全球网络属性,如中心性和小世界拓,进一步定义了超越模块化界限的中枢神经系统结构计划.
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