可生物降解和不可生物降解的微塑料通过化学多样性和微生物生物多样性影响温室气体排放
Ying Guo1, Yajuan Tang1, Yi Xing1
1School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|October 2, 2025
概括
土壤微塑料 (MPs) 通过改变土壤碳和微生物群落,影响温室气体 (GHG) 排放. 可生物降解的聚乳酸 (PLA) 和聚烯 (PS) 微塑料明显影响土壤特性和微生物活动,影响碳转化和温室气体释放.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 土壤微塑料 (MPs) 构成环境风险,但它们作为外部碳来源影响温室气体 (GHG) 排放的作用尚不清楚.
- 通过微生物转移和土壤有机碳 (SOC) 变化,将可生物降解和不可生物降解的MP与温室气体排放联系在一起的机制需要阐明.
研究的目的:
- 研究可生物降解的聚乳酸 (PLA) 和不可生物降解的聚乙烯 (PS) 微塑料对土壤特性,酶活性,温室气体排放和微生物/化学多样性的影响.
- 阐明微塑料诱导的碳转化,微生物活动和温室气体排放之间的机制联系,区分生物可降解和传统的MP.
主要方法:
- 应用PLA和PS在0.1%或1% (w/w) 的土壤中.
- 评估了土壤特性,与碳相关的酶活动 (氧化酸,细胞酶),温室气体排放 (CO2,N2O,CH4) 和微生物/化学多样性.
- 使用零碎结构方程建模来分析变量之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 添加PLA增加了SOC和溶解有机物 (DOM).
- PLA和PS都刺激了红素过氧化酶和细胞酶的活动,改变了微生物群落的组成 (蛋白质细菌,酸性细菌,动菌,维卡米尼细菌,维卡米尼细菌,斯芬戈蒙纳斯).
- 高分子量的芳香化合物增加了不到1%的PLA和PS;CO2和N2O排放量增加,而CH4排放量没有受到影响. 温室气体排放与化学 (R2=0.45) 和微生物 (R2=0.15) 多样性相关.
结论:
- 微塑料,特别是可生物降解的PLA,显著改变了土壤碳动态和微生物群落,影响了温室气体排放.
- 突出了可生物降解微塑料与传统微塑料对土壤气候反的影响.
- 对微塑料对土壤碳转化和温室气体排放的影响的机制性理解是先进的.
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