室外空气污染,周周血管空间形态和青春期前的认知
Jessica Morrel1,2, Kirthana Sukumaran1, Carinna Torgerson1,2
1Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|October 3, 2025
概括
儿童对空气污染的暴露与周围血管空间 (PVS) 的增加和认知功能的降低有关. 这些发现表明,大脑废物清理受损可能是污染对神经发育损害的关键机制.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 环境空气污染与儿童的大脑结构变化和认知缺陷有关.
- 空气污染神经毒性的确切机制尚未完全理解.
- 周血管空间 (PVS) 对于大脑废物清理至关重要,是污染引起的神经毒性的潜在媒介.
研究的目的:
- 调查空气污染暴露,PVS形态和青春期前儿童的认知功能之间的联系.
- 探索特定的空气污染物及其与PVS变化和认知结果相关的组件.
主要方法:
- 在青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中,对6949名青春期前参与者的横截面数据进行分析.
- 使用时空模型估计每年对PM2.5,O3,NO2和PM2.5成分的平均暴露量.
- 从MRI扫描中量化PVS数量和体积,并使用NIH工具箱得分评估认知.
- 应用线性混合效应模型和加权量子积回归来分析关联和同时暴露效应.
主要成果:
- 对 (Zn), (NH4+) 和 (Br) 的暴露与增加的PVS数量有关.
- 关键大脑区域的PVS数量较高与多个认知领域的表现较差相关.
- 较高的 (Ca),和NH4+暴露与认知功能下降有关.
- 额叶PVS调解了暴露与整体认知之间的关联.
- PM2.5混合物与时间和带膜PVS的增加,以及工作记忆和结晶智能的缺陷有关.
结论:
- 室外空气污染与增加PVS和降低青春期前的认知功能有关.
- 通过PVS损害大脑废物清除可能代表一种新的机制,将空气污染与神经发育损害联系起来.
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