区域级交通相关空气污染措施聚合的种族和社会经济公平性
Andrew Vancil1, Stephen Colegate1, Erika Rasnick Manning1
1Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|October 3, 2025
概括
环境正义屏幕 (EJ屏幕) 在交通污染暴露数据中可能存在偏差,与平均年度每日交通 (AADT) 不同. 这项研究突出了常用的环境正义工具中的潜在公平问题.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
背景情况:
- 环境保护局的环境正义屏幕 (EJ屏幕) 和交通部的平均年度每日流量 (AADT) 是交通污染暴露的常见代理.
- 区域级交通污染指标的聚合方法尚未经过全面的偏差测试.
研究的目的:
- 评估EJ Screen和AADT与一个包裹级交通近距离测量的公平性和协议.
- 识别常用的交通相关污染暴露代理的潜在偏差.
主要方法:
- 采用了为俄俄州汉密尔顿县开发的包裹级近距离测量方法.
- 将 EJ 屏幕和 AADT 与在人口普查区组,人口普查区和 ZCTA 层面的地块级别测量进行了比较.
- 使用线性回归分析评估公平性.
主要成果:
- 平均年度每日流量 (AADT) 显示与包裹近距离测量有显著一致.
- 环境正义屏幕 (EJ屏幕) 没有显示显著的协议,并表现出种族和社区剥夺偏见.
- 在EJ屏幕中检测到的偏差,虽然不是直接针对特定的人口群体,但可以在未来的研究中抑制已知的交通污染影响.
结论:
- 对于像EJ Screen这样的交通污染代理的常见聚合技术可能会引入偏差.
- 这些发现表明,需要重新评估EJ Screen在代表交通相关污染暴露的公平性.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决和减轻环境正义评估工具中的偏见.
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