北欧步行对老年人认知功能的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Haobai Li1, Ke Zhu1, Jianyu Gan1
1Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|October 3, 2025
概括
北欧步行 (NW) 显著改善了老年人的执行功能,特别是那些有现有健康状况的人. 这种有氧运动为老年人群的认知增强提供了一个有希望的策略.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降是人口老龄化的一个重大问题.
- 北欧步行 (NW) 是一种有氧运动,对认知功能有潜在的益处.
- 关于NW对老年人的认知影响的先前研究表明,结果各不相同.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析北欧步行干预措施对老年人认知功能的影响.
- 确定NW对各种认知领域的整体影响大小.
- 探索影响NW对认知功能有效性的调节者.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Web of Science,PubMed等) 进行了全面的搜索. 在2025年8月.
- 在独立审查后,包括了8项研究 (2014-2024年) 与327名参与者 (平均年龄~71岁).
- 进行了元分析和元回归来评估效应大小和调节者.
主要成果:
- 北欧步行显著改善了执行功能 (赫奇斯的g = 0.89,p = 0.01).
- 没有发现对全球功能,记忆,注意力,信息处理或感知能力有重大影响.
- 在有健康状况的老年人中,与不活跃的对照人群相比,执行功能的改善更为明显.
结论:
- 北欧步行干预措施有效地提高了老年人的执行功能.
- 这种益处在具有先前健康状况的个体中尤其显著.
- 总干预时间与北欧步行对执行功能的效果大小正相关.
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