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不稳定的工作和慢性疾病:从美国全国农业工人调查 (1999-2020) 中吸取的教训
Lisbeth Iglesias-Rios1, Kexin Li2, Alexis J Handal1
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|October 3, 2025
概括
美国农业工人仍然处于不稳定的就业状态,土著工人和通过承包商雇佣的工人得分更高. 这些群体随着时间的推移,就业条件的改善较小,突出显示了持续的差异.
科学领域:
- 农业健康 农业健康
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 社会医学科学 社会医学科学
背景情况:
- 美国的农场工人面临着历史悠久且广泛的不稳定就业和劳动剥削.
- 了解这些疾病对健康的影响对于这个弱势群体至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析美国农业工人不稳定就业的趋势,使用多维不稳定就业分数 (PES).
- 确定就业不稳定的差异及其与心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险因素和结果的关联.
主要方法:
- 从全国农业工人调查 (NAWS) (1999-2020年) 获得的横截面数据分析,涉及46,910名农业工人.
- 开发一个包含工作指标和心血管健康指标的 PES.
- 用LASSO应用Poisson回归来进行预测因素选择和子组分析,以评估趋势和差异.
主要成果:
- 随着时间的推移,女性的PES没有出现下降.
- 土著农场工人和通过劳工承包商雇佣的人员始终表现出更高的PES.
- 虽然土著工人和劳工承包商的工人在 PES 中出现了一些下降,但与其他群体相比,这些改善不那么明显.
结论:
- 在不稳定的农业工人人口中,存在PES和慢性疾病的显著差异.
- 原住民农场工人和通过劳工承包商雇佣的工人面临着不稳定的就业带来的持续挑战.
- 进一步的生物社会数据对于阐明将不稳定的就业与此类劳动力的不良健康结果联系在一起的途径至关重要.
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